- Butalbital-acetaminophen-caffeine 50mg/325mg/40mg
- Warnings Section
- Description Section
- Clinical Pharmacology Section
- Indications And Usage Section
- Contraindications Sections
- Precautions Section
- Adverse Reactions Section
- Drug Abuse And Dependence Section
- Overdosage Section
- Dosage And Administration Section
- How Supplied Section
- Spl Unclassified Section
- Package Label.principal Display
Butalbital-acetaminophen-caffeine 50mg/325mg/40mg ⮝
DESCRIPTION
Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP is supplied in tablet form for oral administration.
Each tablet contains the following active ingredients:Butalbital (5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid), is a short to intermediate-acting barbiturate. It has the following structural formula:
butalbital USP 50 mg acetaminophen USP 325 mg caffeine USP 40 mg
Acetaminophen (4 -hydroxyacetanilide), is a non-opiate, non-salicylate analgesic and antipyretic. It has the following structural formula:
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), is a central nervous system stimulant. It has the following structural formula:
Inactive Ingredients: crospovidone, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, pregelatinized starch, and stearic acid.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP is intended as a treatment for tension headache.
It consists of a fixed combination of butalbital, acetaminophen, and caffeine. The role each component plays in the relief of the complex of symptoms known as tension headache is incompletely understood.
PharmacokineticsThe behavior of the individual components is described below.
ButalbitalButalbital is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is expected to distribute to most tissues in the body. Barbiturates in general may appear in breast milk and readily cross the placental barrier. They are bound to plasma and tissue proteins to a varying degree and binding increases directly as a function of lipid solubility.
Elimination of butalbital is primarily via the kidney (59% to 88% of the dose) as unchanged drug or metabolites. The plasma half-life is about 35 hours. Urinary excretion products include parent drug (about 3.6% of the dose), 5-isobutyl-5-(2, 3-dihydroxypropyl) barbituric acid (about 24% of the dose), 5-allyl-5(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propyl) barbituric acid (about 4.8% of the dose), products with the barbituric acid ring hydrolyzed with excretion of urea (about 14% of the dose), as well as unidentified materials. Of the material excreted in the urine, 32% is conjugated.
The in vitro plasma protein binding of butalbital is 45% over the concentration range of 0.5-20 mcg/mL. This falls within the range of plasma protein binding (20%-45%) reported with other barbiturates such as phenobarbital, pentobarbital, and secobarbital sodium. The plasma-to-blood concentration ratio was almost unity, indicating that there is no preferential distribution of butalbital into either plasma or blood cells.
See OVERDOSAGE for toxicity information.
AcetaminophenAcetaminophen is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is distributed throughout most body tissues. The plasma half-life is 1.25 to 3 hours, but may be increased by liver damage and following overdosage. Elimination of acetaminophen is principally by liver metabolism (conjugation) and subsequent renal excretion of metabolites. Approximately 85% of an oral dose appears in the urine within 24 hours of administration, most as the glucuronide conjugate, with small amounts of other conjugates and unchanged drug.
See OVERDOSAGE for toxicity information.
CaffeineLike most xanthines, caffeine is rapidly absorbed and distributed in all body tissues and fluids, including the CNS, fetal tissues, and breast milk.
Caffeine is cleared through metabolism and excretion in the urine. The plasma half-life is about 3 hours. Hepatic biotransformation prior to excretion results in about equal amounts of 1-methylxanthine and 1-methyluric acid. Of the 70% of the dose that is recovered in the urine, only 3% is unchanged drug.
See OVERDOSAGE for toxicity information.
INDICATIONS AND USAGEButalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP is indicated for the relief of the symptom complex of tension (or muscle contraction) headache.
Evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP in the treatment of multiple recurrent headaches is unavailable. Caution in this regard is required because butalbital is habit-forming and potentially abusable.
CONTRAINDICATIONSButalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP is contraindicated under the following conditions:
Hypersensitivity or intolerance to any component of this product
Patients with porphyria.
WARNINGSButalbital is habit-forming and potentially abusable. Consequently, the extended use of Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP is not recommended.
PRECAUTIONS
GeneralButalbital, acetaminophen, and caffeine tablets should be prescribed with caution in certain special-risk patients, such as the elderly or debilitated, and those with severe impairment of renal or hepatic function, or acute abdominal conditions.
Information for PatientsButalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP may impair mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks such as driving a car or operating machinery. Such tasks should be avoided while taking this product.
Alcohol and other CNS depressants may produce an additive CNS depression when taken with Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP, and should be avoided.
Butalbital may be habit-forming. Patients should take the drug only for as long as it is prescribed, in the amounts prescribed, and no more frequently than prescribed.
For information on use in geriatric patients, see PRECAUTIONS/Geriatric Use.
Laboratory TestsIn patients with severe hepatic or renal disease, effects of therapy should be monitored with serial liver and/or renal function tests.
Drug InteractionsThe CNS effects of butalbital may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
Butalbital, acetaminophen, and caffeine may enhance the effects of: other narcotic analgesics, alcohol, general anesthetics, tranquilizers such as chlordiazepoxide, sedative-hypnotics, or other CNS depressants, causing increased CNS depression.
Drug/Laboratory Test InteractionsAcetaminophen may produce false-positive test results for urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of FertilityNo adequate studies have been conducted in animals to determine whether acetaminophen or butalbital have a potential for carcinogenesis, mutagenesis or impairment of fertility.
Pregnancy
Teratogenic EffectsPregnancy Category C: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP. It is also not known whether butalbital, acetaminophen, and caffeine can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. This product should be given to a pregnant woman only when clearly needed.
Nonteratogenic EffectsWithdrawal seizures were reported in a two-day-old male infant whose mother had taken a butalbital-containing drug during the last two months of pregnancy. Butalbital was found in the infant s serum. The infant was given phenobarbital 5 mg/kg, which was tapered without further seizure or other withdrawal symptoms.
Nursing MothersCaffeine, barbiturates, and acetaminophen are excreted in breast milk in small amounts, but the significance of their effects on nursing infants is not known. Because of potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from butalbital, acetaminophen, and caffeine, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Pediatric UseSafety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 12 have not been established.
Geriatric UseClinical studies of Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
Butalbital is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
Frequently ObservedThe most frequently reported adverse reactions are drowsiness, lightheadedness, dizziness, sedation, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and intoxicated feeling.
Infrequently ObservedAll adverse events tabulated below are classified as infrequent.
Central Nervous System: headache, shaky feeling, tingling, agitation, fainting, fatigue, heavy eyelids, high energy, hot spells, numbness, sluggishness, seizure. Mental confusion, excitement, or depression can also occur due to intolerance, particularly in elderly or debilitated patients, or due to overdosage of butalbital.
Autonomic Nervous System: dry mouth, hyperhidrosis.
Gastrointestinal: difficulty swallowing, heartburn, flatulence, constipation.
Cardiovascular: tachycardia.
Musculoskeletal: leg pain, muscle fatigue.
Genitourinary: diuresis.
Miscellaneous: pruritus, fever, earache, nasal congestion, tinnitus, euphoria, allergic reactions.
Several cases of dermatological reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis and erythema multiforme, have been reported.
The following adverse drug events may be borne in mind as potential effects of the components of this product. Potential effects of high dosage are listed in the OVERDOSAGE section.
Acetaminophen: allergic reactions, rash, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.
Caffeine: cardiac stimulation, irritability, tremor, dependence, nephrotoxicity, hyperglycemia.
OVERDOSAGE
Following an acute overdosage of butalbital, acetaminophen, and caffeine, toxicity may result from the barbiturate or the acetaminophen. Toxicity due to caffeine is less likely, due to the relatively small amounts in this formulation.
Signs and SymptomsToxicity from barbiturate poisoning include drowsiness, confusion, and coma; respiratory depression; hypotension; and hypovolemic shock.
In acetaminophen overdosage: dose-dependent, potentially fatal hepatic necrosis is the most serious adverse effect. Renal tubular necroses, hypoglycemic coma, and thrombocytopenia may also occur. Early symptoms following a potentially hepatotoxic overdose may include: nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, and general malaise. Clinical and laboratory evidence of hepatic toxicity may not be apparent until 48 to 72 hours post-ingestion. In adults hepatic toxicity has rarely been reported with acute overdoses of less than 10 grams, or fatalities with less than 15 grams.
Acute caffeine poisoning may cause insomnia, restlessness, tremor, and delirium, tachycardia and extrasystoles.
TreatmentA single or multiple overdose with Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP is a potentially lethal polydrug overdose, and consultation with a regional poison control center is recommended.
Immediate treatment includes support of cardiorespiratory function and measures to reduce drug absorption. Vomiting should be induced mechanically, or with syrup of ipecac, if the patient is alert (adequate pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes). Oral activated charcoal (1 g/kg) should follow gastric emptying. The first dose should be accompanied by an appropriate cathartic. If repeated doses are used, the cathartic might be included with alternate doses as required. Hypotension is usually hypovolemic and should respond to fluids. Pressors should be avoided. A cuffed endotracheal tube should be inserted before gastric lavage of the unconscious patient and when necessary, to provide assisted respiration. If renal function is normal, forced diuresis may aid in the elimination of the barbiturate. Alkalinization of the urine increases renal excretion of some barbiturates, especially phenobarbital.
Meticulous attention should be given to maintaining adequate pulmonary ventilation. In severe cases of intoxication, peritoneal dialysis, or preferably hemodialysis may be considered. If hypoprothrombinemia occurs due to acetaminophen overdose, vitamin K should be administered intravenously.
If the dose of acetaminophen may have exceeded 140 mg/kg, acetylcysteine should be administered as early as possible. Serum acetaminophen levels should be obtained, since levels four or more hours following ingestion help predict acetaminophen toxicity. Do not await acetaminophen assay results before initiating treatment. Hepatic enzymes should be obtained initially, and repeated at 24-hour intervals.
Methemoglobinemia over 30% should be treated with methylene blue by slow intravenous administration.
Toxic Doses (for adults)
Butalbital: toxic dose 1 g (20 tablets) Acetaminophen: toxic dose 10 g (30 tablets) Caffeine: toxic dose 1 g (25 tablets) In all cases of suspected overdosage, call your Regional Poison Control Center to obtain the most up-to-date information about the treatment of overdosage. Telephone numbers of certified Regional Poison Control Centers are listed in the Physicians Desk Reference .
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATIONOne or 2 tablets every 4 hours as needed. Total daily dosage should not exceed 6 tablets.
Extended and repeated use of Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP is not recommended because of the potential for physical dependence.
HOW SUPPLIEDButalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP
Containing 50 mg butalbital, 325 mg acetaminophen, and 40 mg caffeine. Available as white, round uncoated tablets, engraved WATSON on one side and 3369 on other side supplied in bottles of 100 and 500. Bottles of 100 are supplied with child-resistant closures.
Store below 30 C (86 F); dispense in a tight container.
Information for PatientsButalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP may impair mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks such as driving a car or operating machinery. Such tasks should be avoided while taking this product.
Alcohol and other CNS depressants may produce an additive CNS depression when taken with Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets USP, and should be avoided.
Butalbital may be habit-forming. Patients should take the drug only for as long as it is prescribed, in the amounts prescribed, and no more frequently than prescribed.
For information on use in geriatric patients, see PRECAUTIONS/Geriatric Use.
Image of label
BUTALBITAL ACETAMINOPHEN AND CAFFEINE
butalbital acetaminophen and caffeine tablet
Product Information Product Type HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG Item Code (Source) NDC:49999-151(NDC:0591-3369) Route of Administration ORAL
Active Ingredient/Active Moiety Ingredient Name Basis of Strength Strength BUTALBITAL (UNII: KHS0AZ4JVK) (BUTALBITAL - UNII:KHS0AZ4JVK) BUTALBITAL 50 mg ACETAMINOPHEN (UNII: 362O9ITL9D) (ACETAMINOPHEN - UNII:362O9ITL9D) ACETAMINOPHEN 325 mg CAFFEINE (UNII: 3G6A5W338E) (CAFFEINE - UNII:3G6A5W338E) CAFFEINE 40 mg
Inactive Ingredients Ingredient Name Strength CROSPOVIDONE (UNII: 68401960MK) MAGNESIUM STEARATE (UNII: 70097M6I30) CELLULOSE, MICROCRYSTALLINE (UNII: OP1R32D61U) POVIDONE (UNII: FZ989GH94E) STARCH, CORN (UNII: O8232NY3SJ) STEARIC ACID (UNII: 4ELV7Z65AP)
Product Characteristics Color white Score no score Shape ROUND Size 11mm Flavor Imprint Code WATSON;3369 Contains
Packaging # Item Code Package Description Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date 1 NDC:49999-151-60 60 in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC
Marketing Information Marketing Category Application Number or Monograph Citation Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date ANDA ANDA088616 10/11/2010
Labeler - Lake Erie Medical DBA Quality Care Products LLC (831276758)
Establishment Name Address ID/FEI Business Operations Lake Erie Medical DBA Quality Care Products LLC 831276758 repack
Establishment Name Address ID/FEI Business Operations Watson Laboratories Inc 840054118 manufacture Revised: 10/2010 Document Id: 97b7ecd9-5917-4abd-9d35-70de39aa7135 Set id: 418054c3-d8c8-49b0-93a5-a53fd0c5018f Version: 423 Effective Time: 20101011 Lake Erie Medical DBA Quality Care Products LLC
Warnings Section ⮝
Butalbital is habit-forming and potentially abusable. Consequently, the extended use of this product is not recommended.
Hepatotoxicity
Acetaminophen has been associated with cases of acute liver failure, at times resulting in liver transplant and death. Most of the cases of liver injury are associated with the use of acetaminophen at doses that exceed 4000 milligrams per day, and often involve more than one acetaminophen-containing product. The excessive intake of acetaminophen may be intentional to cause self-harm or unintentional as patients attempt to obtain more pain relief or unknowingly take other acetaminophen-containing products.
The risk of acute liver failure is higher in individuals with underlying liver disease and in individuals who ingest alcohol while taking acetaminophen.
Instruct patients to look for acetaminophen or APAP on package labels and not to use more than one product that contains acetaminophen. Instruct patients to seek medical attention immediately upon ingestion of more than 4000 milligrams of acetaminophen per day, even if they feel well.
Serious Skin Reactions
Rarely, acetaminophen may cause serious skin reactions such as acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), which can be fatal. Patients should be informed about the signs of serious skin reactions, and use of the drug should be discontinued at the first appearance of skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity.
Hypersensitivity/anaphylaxis
There have been post-marketing reports of hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis associated with use of acetaminophen. Clinical signs included swelling of the face, mouth, and throat, respiratory distress, urticaria, rash, pruritus, and vomiting. There were infrequent reports of life-threatening anaphylaxis requiring emergency medical attention. Instruct patients to discontinue butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine tablets immediately and seek medical care if they experience these symptoms. Do not prescribe butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine tablets for patients with acetaminophen allergy.
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Description Section ⮝
Butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine are supplied in tablet form for oral administration.
Each tablet contains the following active ingredients:
Butalbital ...................50 mg
Warning: May be habit-forming.
Acetaminophen ........325 mg
Caffeine ......................40 mg
In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, pregelatinized corn starch and stearic acid.
Butalbital (5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid), is a short to intermediate acting barbiturate. It has the following structural formula:
butalbital chemical structureC11H16N2O3 MW = 224.26
Acetaminophen (4'-hydroxyacetanilide), is a non-opiate, non-salicylate analgesic and antipyretic. It has the following structural formula:
acetaminophen chemical structureC8H9NO2 MW = 151.16
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), is a central nervous system stimulant. It has the following structural formula:
caffeine chemical structureC8H10N4O2 MW = 194.19
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Clinical Pharmacology Section ⮝
This combination drug product is intended as a treatment for tension headache.
It consists of a fixed combination of butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine. The role each component plays in the relief of the complex of symptoms known as tension headache is incompletely understood.
Pharmacokinetics
The behavior of the individual components is described below.
Butalbital: Butalbital is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is expected to distribute to most tissues in the body. Barbiturates in general may appear in breast milk and readily cross the placental barrier. They are bound to plasma and tissue proteins to a varying degree and binding increases directly as a function of lipid solubility.
Elimination of butalbital is primarily via the kidney (59% to 88% of the dose) as unchanged drug or metabolites. The plasma half-life is about 35 hours. Urinary excretion products include parent drug (about 3.6% of the dose), 5-isobutyl-5-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) barbituric acid (about 24% of the dose), 5-allyl-5(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propyl) barbituric acid (about 4.8% of the dose), products with the barbituric acid ring hydrolyzed with excretion of urea (about 14% of the dose), as well as unidentified materials. Of the material excreted in the urine, 32% is conjugated.
The in vitro plasma protein binding of butalbital is 45% over the concentration range of 0.5 to 20 mcg/mL. This falls within the range of plasma protein binding (20% to 45%) reported with other barbiturates such as phenobarbital, pentobarbital, and secobarbital sodium. The plasma-to-blood concentration ratio was almost unity indicating that there is no preferential distribution of butalbital into either plasma or blood cells. (See OVERDOSAGE for toxicity information.)
Acetaminophen: Acetaminophen is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is distributed throughout most body tissues. The plasma half-life is 1.25 to 3 hours, but may be increased by liver damage and following overdosage. Elimination of acetaminophen is principally by liver metabolism (conjugation) and subsequent renal excretion of metabolites. Approximately 85% of an oral dose appears in the urine within 24 hours of administration, most as the glucuronide conjugate, with small amounts of other conjugates and unchanged drug. (See OVERDOSAGE for toxicity information.)
Caffeine: Like most xanthines, caffeine is rapidly absorbed and distributed in all body tissues and fluids, including the CNS, fetal tissues, and breast milk.
Caffeine is cleared through metabolism and excretion in the urine. The plasma half-life is about 3 hours. Hepatic biotransformation prior to excretion, results in about equal amounts of 1-methylxanthine and 1-methyluric acid. Of the 70% of the dose that is recovered in the urine, only 3% is unchanged drug. (See OVERDOSAGE for toxicity information.)
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Indications And Usage Section ⮝
Butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine tablets are indicated for the relief of the symptom complex of tension (or muscle contraction) headache.
Evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of this combination product in the treatment of multiple recurrent headaches is unavailable. Caution in this regard is required because butalbital is habit-forming and potentially abusable.
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Contraindications Sections ⮝
This product is contraindicated under the following conditions:
Hypersensitivity or intolerance to any component of this product.
Patients with porphyria.Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Precautions Section ⮝
General
Butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine tablets should be prescribed with caution in certain special-risk patients, such as the elderly or debilitated, and those with severe impairment of renal or hepatic function, or acute abdominal conditions.
Information for Patients/Caregivers
Do not take butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine tablets if you are allergic to any of its ingredients.
If you develop signs of allergy such as a rash or difficulty breathing, stop taking butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine tablets and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Do not take more than 4000 milligrams of acetaminophen per day. Call your doctor if you took more than the recommended dose.This product may impair mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks such as driving a car or operating machinery. Such tasks should be avoided while taking this product.
Alcohol and other CNS depressants may produce an additive CNS depression when taken with this combination product, and should be avoided.
Butalbital may be habit-forming. Patients should take the drug only for as long as it is prescribed, in the amounts prescribed, and no more frequently than prescribed.
For more information on use in geriatric patients, (see PRECAUTIONS/Geriatric Use.)
Laboratory Tests
In patients with severe hepatic or renal disease, effects of therapy should be monitored with serial liver and/or renal function tests.
Drug Interactions
The CNS effects of butalbital may be enhanced by monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
Butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine may enhance the effects of: other narcotic analgesics, alcohol, general anesthetics, tranquilizers such as chlordiazepoxide, sedative-hypnotics, or other CNS depressants, causing increased CNS depression.
Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions
Acetaminophen may produce false-positive test results for urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
No adequate studies have been conducted in animals to determine whether acetaminophen or butalbital have a potential for carcinogenesis, mutagenesis or impairment of fertility.
Pregnancy
Teratogenic Effects
Pregnancy Category C
Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with this combination product. It is also not known whether butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. This product should be given to a pregnant woman only when clearly needed.
Nonteratogenic Effects
Withdrawal seizures were reported in a two-day-old male infant whose mother had taken a butalbital-containing drug during the last two months of pregnancy. Butalbital was found in the infant s serum. The infant was given phenobarbital 5 mg/kg, which was tapered without further seizure or other withdrawal symptoms.
Nursing Mothers
Caffeine, barbiturates and acetaminophen are excreted in breast milk in small amounts, but the significance of their effects on nursing infants is not known. Because of potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Pediatric Use
Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 12 have not been established.
Geriatric Use
Clinical studies of butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine tablets did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
Butalbital is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Adverse Reactions Section ⮝
Frequently Observed
The most frequently reported adverse reactions are drowsiness, lightheadedness, dizziness, sedation, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and intoxicated feeling.
Infrequently Observed
All adverse events tabulated below are classified as infrequent.
Central Nervous System: headache, shaky feeling, tingling, agitation, fainting, fatigue, heavy eyelids, high energy, hot spells, numbness, sluggishness, seizure. Mental confusion, excitement or depression can also occur due to intolerance, particularly in elderly or debilitated patients, or due to overdosage of butalbital.
Autonomic Nervous System: dry mouth, hyperhidrosis.
Gastrointestinal: difficulty swallowing, heartburn, flatulence, constipation.
Cardiovascular: tachycardia.
Musculoskeletal: leg pain, muscle fatigue.
Genitourinary: diuresis.
Miscellaneous: pruritus, fever, earache, nasal congestion, tinnitus, euphoria, allergic reactions.
Several cases of dermatological reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis and erythema multiforme, have been reported.
The following adverse drug events may be borne in mind as potential effects of the components of this product. Potential effects of high dosage are listed in the OVERDOSAGE section.
Acetaminophen: allergic reactions, rash, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.
Caffeine: cardiac stimulation, irritability, tremor, dependence, nephrotoxicity, hyperglycemia.
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Drug Abuse And Dependence Section ⮝
Abuse and Dependence
Butalbital: Barbiturates may be habit-forming: Tolerance, psychological dependence, and physical dependence may occur especially following prolonged use of high doses of barbiturates. The average daily dose for the barbiturate addict is usually about 1500 mg. As tolerance to barbiturates develops, the amount needed to maintain the same level of intoxication increases; tolerance to a fatal dosage, however, does not increase more than two-fold. As this occurs, the margin between an intoxication dosage and fatal dosage becomes smaller. The lethal dose of a barbiturate is far less if alcohol is also ingested. Major withdrawal symptoms (convulsions and delirium) may occur within 16 hours and last up to 5 days after abrupt cessation of these drugs. Intensity of withdrawal symptoms gradually declines over a period of approximately 15 days. Treatment of barbiturate dependence consists of cautious and gradual withdrawal of the drug. Barbiturate-dependent patients can be withdrawn by using a number of different withdrawal regimens. One method involves initiating treatment at the patient s regular dosage level and gradually decreasing the daily dosage as tolerated by the patient.
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Overdosage Section ⮝
Following an acute overdosage of butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine, toxicity may result from the barbiturate or the acetaminophen. Toxicity due to caffeine is less likely, due to the relatively small amounts in this formulation.
Signs and Symptoms
Toxicity from barbiturate poisoning includes drowsiness, confusion, and coma; respiratory depression; hypotension; and hypovolemic shock.
In acetaminophen overdosage: dose-dependent, potentially fatal hepatic necrosis is the most serious adverse effect. Renal tubular necroses, hypoglycemic coma and coagulation defects may also occur. Early symptoms following a potentially hepatotoxic overdose may include: nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis and general malaise. Clinical and laboratory evidence of hepatic toxicity may not be apparent until 48 to 72 hours post-ingestion.
Acute caffeine poisoning may cause insomnia, restlessness, tremor, and delirium, tachycardia and extrasystoles.
Treatment
A single or multiple drug overdose with this combination product is a potentially lethal polydrug overdose, and consultation with a regional poison control center is recommended. Immediate treatment includes support of cardiorespiratory function and measures to reduce drug absorption.
Oxygen, intravenous fluids, vasopressors, and other supportive measures should be employed as indicated. Assisted or controlled ventilation should also be considered
Gastric decontamination with activated charcoal should be administered just prior to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to decrease systemic absorption if acetaminophen ingestion is known or suspected to have occurred within a few hours of presentation. Serum acetaminophen levels should be obtained immediately if the patient presents 4 hours or more after ingestion to assess potential risk of hepatotoxicity; acetaminophen levels drawn less than 4 hours post-ingestion may be misleading. To obtain the best possible outcome, NAC should be administered as soon as possible where impending or evolving liver injury is suspected. Intravenous NAC may be administered when circumstances preclude oral administration.
Vigorous supportive therapy is required in severe intoxication. Procedures to limit the continuing absorption of the drug must be readily performed since the hepatic injury is dose dependent and occurs early in the course of intoxication.
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Dosage And Administration Section ⮝
One or two tablets every four hours as needed. Total daily dosage should not exceed 6 tablets.
Extended and repeated use of this product is not recommended because of the potential for physical dependence.
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
How Supplied Section ⮝
Butalbital, acetaminophen and caffeine tablets USP contain butalbital 50 mg (Warning: May be habit-forming), acetaminophen 325 mg and caffeine 40 mg. Tablets are white, capsule-shaped, single-scored with the logo MIA/110 , and are supplied in bottles of 100 and bottles of 500.
Storage
Store at 20 to 25 C (68 to 77 F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container with a child-resistant closure.
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Spl Unclassified Section ⮝
Rx only
Manufactured by:
MIKART, INC.
Atlanta, GA 30318
Code 687Z00
Rev. 10/13
Butalbital Caffeine Acetaminophen 50/325/40 Tablet Permanent Link: http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a26775c2-cafb-4b13-99ac-d4e8248265fb
Package Label.principal Display ⮝
NDC: 51655-590-50
MFG: 46672-053-50
Butalbital Acetaminophen Caffeine
50mg/325mg/40mg
60 Tablets
Rx Only
Lot #:
Exp. Date:
Each tablet contains:
Butalbital...............50mg
WARNING: May be habit-forming.
Acetaminophen.....325mg
Caffeine................40mg
Dosage: See prescriber's instructions.
Store between 68-77 degrees F.
Store in a tight, light-resistant container with a child-resistant closure.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Medication guide is found at www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/ucm085729
Mfg. by: Mikart, Inc. Atlanta, GA 30318
Code 687Z50 Lot: C150191A
Repackaged By: Northwind Pharmaceuticals, Indianapolis, IN 46256
BUTALBITAL ACETAMINOPHEN AND CAFFEINE
butalbital acetaminophen and caffeine tablet
Product Information Product Type HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG Item Code (Source) NDC:51655-590(NDC:46672-053) Route of Administration ORAL
Active Ingredient/Active Moiety Ingredient Name Basis of Strength Strength BUTALBITAL (UNII: KHS0AZ4JVK) (BUTALBITAL - UNII:KHS0AZ4JVK) BUTALBITAL 50 mg ACETAMINOPHEN (UNII: 362O9ITL9D) (ACETAMINOPHEN - UNII:362O9ITL9D) ACETAMINOPHEN 325 mg CAFFEINE (UNII: 3G6A5W338E) (CAFFEINE - UNII:3G6A5W338E) CAFFEINE 40 mg
Inactive Ingredients Ingredient Name Strength CELLULOSE, MICROCRYSTALLINE (UNII: OP1R32D61U) CROSCARMELLOSE SODIUM (UNII: M28OL1HH48) CROSPOVIDONE (UNII: 68401960MK) POVIDONES (UNII: FZ989GH94E) SILICON DIOXIDE (UNII: ETJ7Z6XBU4) STARCH, CORN (UNII: O8232NY3SJ) STEARIC ACID (UNII: 4ELV7Z65AP)
Product Characteristics Color white Score 2 pieces Shape OVAL Size 14mm Flavor Imprint Code MIA;110 Contains
Packaging # Item Code Package Description Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date 1 NDC:51655-590-29 28 in 1 BOTTLE, DISPENSING; Type 0: Not a Combination Product 2 NDC:51655-590-50 60 in 1 BOTTLE, DISPENSING; Type 0: Not a Combination Product
Marketing Information Marketing Category Application Number or Monograph Citation Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date ANDA ANDA089175 05/13/2015
Labeler - Northwind Pharmaceuticals (036986393)
Registrant - Northwind Pharmaceuticals (036986393)
Establishment Name Address ID/FEI Business Operations Northwind Pharmaceuticals 036986393 repack(51655-590) Revised: 5/2015 Document Id: ce2a7def-bab2-46e7-a055-9240f5c4ba1e Set id: 6bd940ca-bcc6-48e8-a98a-ddcea09a0e04 Version: 2 Effective Time: 20150515 Northwind Pharmaceuticals